The Huns
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Attila
the Hun
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I mention in 'Uroko' that modern Hungary was founded by Magyar and
Kabar tribes which had migrated there from Khazaria beginning in the
late 9th century. Not only were the Magyars close allies of (or
practically synonymous with) the Huns, their Arpad leaders claimed
Attila the Hun as a
direct ancestor.
Before this Magyar/Kabar migration
the Huns had already pushed westward into Europe once before, in the
4th and 5th centuries. At the height of their prowess the Hunnic
empire
stretched from the steppes of Central Asia to Germany and from the
Black Sea to the Baltic. Apart from that and their notorious
warlike
nature, not much is known about
them.
The Huns didn't
leave written records so historians are left only with what others
wrote about them. They are widely thought to have been
a
Turkic people, a hypothesis based largely on what scholars know of the
Hunnic
language. It was noted in Byzantine annals that
the Huns spoke the same language as Turkic tribes such as the Bulgars
and Avars, while Chinese chroniclers compared their language to that of
the
Töles, also a Turkic tribe. In the 18th century however
orientalist
Joseph de Guignes pointed out that the Huns had migrated into Central
Asia from Mongolia and should be identified as the Xiongnu. The
name Xiongnu may even be a cognate of 'Hun', and this hypothesis of a
Xiongnu/Hun connection has gained a fair amount of
acceptance.
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| Hunnic
Empire at its height in the 5th century |
These two views are seemingly in conflict, and most things you will
read about the Huns simply note that their origins are in question,
touch on the Xiongnu and Turkic hypotheses and leave it at
that.
So let me just cut to the chase ... it seems clear to me the Huns were
the Xiongnu, and they were
Turkic!
How do I know? I don't, not for certain, but
there are some clues that may have gone unnoticed by the historians.
The Hungarian language is regarded
as Ugric, or Finno-Ugric, since a similar tongue is spoken in Finland
and Estonia. In 2009 when the ethnic Uyghurs of China were in the
news I happened to be pondering this topic, and it hit me that 'Uyghur'
and 'Ugric' might be related. Add to that, there are
numerous pockets of Uyghur populations in China, Mongolia and Central
Asia along the exact route that the Huns would have taken in their
western migration had they
and the Xiongnu been one and the same people. This doesn't
explain
the Huns' Turkic language, but I think I may have cracked that
as well.
One day I was searching for information about the Arpads (the clan name
of the
Magyar leaders of Hungary) and I came across the name written
together with a variant: Arpad/Arvad.
What's Arvad? - I thought. I googled
'Arvad' and got, "did you mean Arwad?".
Sure, why not, let's google 'Arwad'. Turns out, Arwad, sometimes
spelled Arvad, is an island off the coast of Syria. Arwad is
pretty small, and as I was looking up and down the coast of the
biblical Levant on a
couple of maps trying to find it, another coastal city caught my eye,
one I
was aware of because it is the location of one of the richest neolithic
archeological finds in the Mediterranean, with artifacts dating back
7000 years or more ... it's just a little ways up the coast from
Arwad.
Ugarit (!!!).
Now, if Ugarit, Ugric and Uyghur are not connected somehow I'd be very
surprised.
Ugarit was located on a section of the (modern) Syrian
coast
near Turkey
dominated by a large mountain, Mt. Aqraa. This mountain was known
in antiquity by
other names, it was called Mt. Hazzi by the Hittites and referred to as
Mt. Zephon/Zaphon in the bible, and was the center of pagan Ba'al
worhip in
the area.
Could it be that a Turkic people living in that northern
stretch of the Levant migrated all the way to the Baltic (where they
would be known as the original Finno-Ugric people) and to Mongolia
where they were
known to the Chinese as the Xiongnu? And could many of them
subsequently have left the area, some forming a second migration to the
Baltic
lands of Finland and Estonia, the rest heading west to Central Asia
from where they would storm Europe in the 4th century as the
Huns? And could they have left descendents in China, Mongolia and
other pockets along the way back to Central Asia who became known as
the Uyghurs?
Incredibly, there is one more clue which suggests that is more or less
what
happened, which is found in Hungarian mythology.
In the Hungarian myth of the White Stag, Ménrót or Nemere
(synonymous with Nimrod, the biblical founder of Babylon), fathers twin
sons, Hunor and Magor, by his wife Eneth. Hunor and Magor become
great hunters, and a white stag they are chasing leads the twins to
Scythia. There they take Sarmatian brides and father the Hun and
Magyar tribes.
This could be nothing more than just a made up story, but there are
some things about the
myth which indicate it does have Mesopotamian origins. First, the
name of Ménrót's wife, Eneth,
is close to the Assyrian name of Nimrod's wife, Anuta. Ménrót's
father in the myth is Tana,
whereas the
father of Nimrod was the Sumerian king Etana.
Most convincing is that there is a similar Assyrian account whereby
Nimrod also fathers twins, one of whom is named Magor, just as in the Hungarian
myth. To pile on one more tantalizing tidbit, the people of
ancient Subartu which was in northwestern Mesopotamia not far east of
Ugarit and Mt. Zephon (modern Mt. Aqraa), believed themselves also to
be descended from Nimrod.
I don't know about you, but I'm convinced. Uyghur, Ugric, I'll
bet you dollars to donuts those terms originate with Ugarit, or
alternately, all three share the same (unknown) origin.
I am not one bit surprised that the Huns and the Vikings shared
roots in Mesopotamia. The two
peoples had much in common, both being
fearless, bloodthirsty plunderers, in
fact you could easily call the Huns Vikings on horses, or the Vikings
Huns in ships. Both drank from the skulls of their enemies, as I
have pointed out. (To be correct, it is unknown if the Huns drank
from skulls, but there are historical accounts that the tradition was
practiced by
the Xiongnu, by Scythians and by Krum, a Khan of the Bulgars, all of
whom connect to the Huns.) It is not known if the Huns
practiced
human
sacrifice or not, but the Armenian chronicler Moses Daskhuranci
recorded that they offered horses as burnt offerings to their gods.
There is one other allegation floating around which connects the Huns
and the Vikings at a more recent date. I can't vouch for it, but
it should at least be mentioned. Some contend that Uldin, a
great chieftain of the Huns of the late 4th century, and Odin (Woden),
the great king of the Vikings were one and the same person.
The guessed life-spans of the two differ by a couple hundred years,
but there are some correllations between Uldin and Odin which are
intriquing -
Uldin
–
It would be difficult not to notice the similarity
between the name of the
Hunnic “king”, and the name of the Asian leader of the Norse Sagas
named Odin. Odin is characterized as a great warrior who won many
battles upon crossing
the River Don. The historic Uldin was considered by some authors to be
the man who
united the Huns
and led them to their decisive victory over the (Eastern) Ostrogoths
who became subjects
of the Huns. The link between the Goths and the Huns is reflected in
their joint campaign
(possibly led by Uldin) against Adrianople where two thirds of the army
of 80,000 men
and the Emperor Valens were destroyed on 9 August 378. In 400 a
German
rebel named
Gainas incurred the wrath of Uldin who, with some considerable effort,
finally managed
to beat the forces of his opponent, and Uldin sent the slain man’s head
to Constantinople
on 3 January 401 to be displayed - with the demand that he be paid
“gifts”, thereby sealing a treaty with the Eastern Romans. This
historical record bears
some similarity to
the Odin from the Sagas whose story is tied in with the severed head of
a man...
...Either way it appears that there was a solid link between the two
peoples whose lifestyle and culture at the time did not differ in any
significant way. |
http://www.davidkfaux.org/CentralAsiaRootsofScandinavia-Y-DNAEvidence.pdf
Two final footnotes on the Huns. The Xiongnu were so feared
in China that the Chinese built the Great Wall to keep them
out. But the relationship between the rulers of the Xiongnu
and the Chinese was more complex, and treaties and even marriages
were arranged between them to try and keep the peace. Scouring
over the available genealogy trees of the early Hunnic (Xiongnu)
kings do show several Chinese princesses, agreeing with the notion that
Chinese rulers offered their daughters in marriage to the Xiongnu
on a few occasions. But blood seems to have flowed the
other way as well. Liu Pang, Liu Heng (Wen), Liu Qi (Jing) and Liu Che
(the great Wu) were
all Han dynasty emperors, and they were all of the Liu family.
The Liu were Xiongnu!!!
http://fabpedigree.com/s072/f198622.htm
Maybe I'm
daft, but isn't there obviously a connection between 'Hun' and
'Han'!?? When was the Han Dynasty first known as such? How
could the Han and the Hun, whose names are so close and whose leaders
(of the
1st and 2nd centuries BC) seem to be so interrelated by blood, not be
cousins?
Lastly, I point out in 'Uroko' that the bundle of five arrows symbol
displayed on the Rothschild bank logo is a Hun symbol. There is a
story floating around that the 5 Rothschild sons who
dominated the banking industry from the capitals of Europe and England
beginning in the early 19th century were told by their mother that
while one arrow can easily be snapped in two, five arrows bundled
together can never be broken. This anecdote may or may not be true, but
it's significant, and the 5 sons of Mayer Amschell Rothschild are sometimes referred to as "the
five arrows" - in fact I once read their being so described on an
N.M.Rothschild bank
website.
The tale the Rothschild sons were alledly told by their mother
obviously derives from the story of Alan Goa, a mythical figure from
the Secret History of the Mongols. In the legend, Alan Goa is the
mother of 5 sons whose
progeny later become the Hunnic tribes. Two of her sons don't get
along with the other threee, who were born after the death of
Dobun-mergen, the father of the first two. Their mother tells the
boys the same thing Gutle Rothschild is rumored to have told her sons
... individually you can be easily
vanquished, but if you all stick together like the bundle of 5 arrows,
no one can defeat you ...
The wife of
Dobun-mergen was Alan-goa (Outstanding Beauty), and she bore him two
sons: Bugunutei and Belgunutei. He died shortly after their birth, yet
Alan-goa gave birth to three more sons; Buqa-qatagi, Buqatu-salji, and
Bodonchar-mungqaq. Now Dobun-mergen had a faithful servant called
Maaliq Baya'ud, whose father he had saved from starvation in the
wilderness, and after the death of the chieftain this servant remained
and dwelt in his yurt. Then the trueborn sons of Dobun-mergen whispered
against their mother, saying:
"This mother
of ours has produced three sons, without our father's older brother,
younger brother, or cousins or any husband. Only the Maaliq Baya'ud man
lives in this yurt. They are probably his three sons."
Alan-goa, hearing these rumors, brought her five sons together and gave
each an arrow, which she commanded him to break. When they had done so,
she tied five arrows together and again commanded each son to break the
bundle. When each had tried and failed, she related to them this story,
in order to allay the suspicion of her two firstborn sons:
"Every night,
a shining yellow man came into the yurt through the light of the
smoke-hole and over the top of the door. He caressed my belly and his
light sank into it. He slunk sheepishly away like a yellow dog by the
light of the sun and moon... All five of you were all born of this same
belly. Alone, you can be broken easily by anyone. Together and of one
mind, like bound arrow-shafts, none can easily vanquish you."
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http://everything2.com/user/mirv/writeups/Ancestry+of+Genghis+Khan
Note - from the later 2nd millenium to the middle of the 1st millenium
B.C. the Hurrians maintained a large kingdom centered in Subartu, which
at its height encompassed Ugarit. One of the major tribes of the
later
Hurrian period were the Mittani. Nicholas
de Vere
has made the claim that his family the de Veres, who have flourished on
the sidelines of the royal houses of England and Britain as the Earls
of Oxford for
a millenium, descend from the Mittani.
- Which makes the following very interesting reading...
...The land
known by Sumerians as "Subar-Ki" or "Subar-Tu" was inhabited by the
Hurrians, whose language was the oldest form of Sanskrit -
consequently, the mother of all Indo-European languages! Therefore, the
Hurrians cannot be directly related with Hungarians. Yet, they were not
the only people in that region and their tongue had also many words in
common with Sumerian and Elamite, that are agglutinative languages. The
Hurrites indeed were associated with (or subdued by) the Mitanni, that
became the Hurrian élite in the same way as the Chaldeans and
the Magi in other States, as it will be exposed later in this essay. In
fact, the same country was known under different names, depending on
the people taken as reference: in Assyrian documents they are mentioned
as "Sapar-da", Egyptians called them "Magor", in Persian records they
are known as "Sabarda" and "Matiene/Mada", while the Biblical name
Haran/Charan is obviously connected with the Hurrians. Greek sources
refer to those peoples as "Sapir/Sabir", "Makr/Magar" and "Matiene".
All these terms point out to the denomination of two Hungarian tribes:
Sabirs and Magyars. These two names however, may belong to one and the
same people that probably split into two branches. The Sabirs seem to
be the oldest group from which Sarmatians originated, as they dwelled
in a vast area from Central Asia to the heart of Europe. Indeed, the
name "Siberia" (Sibir') is ascribed to them, but also the Roman name of
the western area of present-day Hungary was "Sabaria", and was indeed,
inhabited by Sarmatians (Yazyg). The writer István
Gyárfás in his work "The History of the Jász-Kun"
("The History of the Yazygs and Kumans"), vol. I, reports that the
Greek geographer Ptolemy mentioned the Jász dwelling in
present-day Szombathely, Hungary. The Jász (Yazyg) were known by
the Romans as "Sabarians" or "Savarians". Byzantine documents
concerning the Hungarian prince Termatzu from Árpád's
lineage assert that the oldest name of the Hungarians was "Sabartoi
Asphali", recalling their ancient Mesopotamian name Subar-tu and
Sabir-ki, while Asphali was the Arab name of the Lower Zab river, in
Assyria. Professor Csaba Hargita suggests another possible explanation:
if they were speaking of themselves on their own language, Hungarians
may have said "azfile Szavardok", that is "a kind of Sabartians", as it
is an usual answer to say "I would be a kind of..." that could be heard
by the Greeks like "Asphaloi Sabartoi".
In reference to the Mitanni, the northern Mesopotamian region was also
known as "Mada/Mata/Madja" (not to be confused with Maday, the land of
the Medes, that was beyond the eastern border of Assyria). The term
that may be transliterated as "mat", "madh", "madj" means "country" or
"district" in Sumerian, Subarian, Parthian, and other related
languages, and it was also used by the Assyrians and Egyptians with the
same meaning. Notice that in those languages, the phoneme "dh" or "dj"
is equal to the modern Hungarian "gy", and "megye" is still "district"
or "province" in Hungarian. Therefore,
if the denomination has been
transferred along the generations, the Magyars might be the ancient
tribe of Mitanni. The territory of the Mada or Mitanni is referred by
some Egyptian documents as Magor. There are many other
linguistic
evidences that prove the close relationship between modern Hungarian
and Sumerian/Subarian tongues; for example, in Hurrian/Subar language,
the word "tarshua" means "all the people", while in Sumerian "shag"
conveyed the meaning of people as well as head or high. In Hungarian,
the combination of both is seen in "társaság", that means
"society"; "köztársaság" is "republic" (notice that
"s" in Hungarian sounds like "sh"). Also the name of the horse,
warhorse and chariot in Hungarian are found in Northern Mesopotamia.
Therefore, the Scythian component of the Hungarian ancestry was closely
associated with the descent of the ancient Mitanni...
http://www.imninalu.net/myths-Huns.htm |
Sources and further reading:
The Ancient Identity of Hungarians
The Hungarian-Hebrew
Connexion
http://www.imninalu.net/myths-Huns.htm
The Origins of the Huns
http://mbarchives.blogspot.com/2005/10/origins-of-huns.html |
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